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CyberOps Associate (Version 1.0) – Modules 3 – 4: Operating System Overview Group Exam
1. When a user makes changes to the settings of a Windows system, where are these changes stored?
- win.ini
- Control Panel
- boot.ini
- Registry
2. Which user account should be used only to perform system management and not as the account for regular use?
- guest
- power user
- standard user
- administrator
3. What is the purpose of entering the netsh command on a Windows PC?
- to configure networking parameters for the PC
- to change the computer name for the PC
- to create user accounts
- to test the hardware devices on the PC
4. Which type of Windows PowerShell command performs an action and returns an output or object to the next command that will be executed?
- cmdlets
- functions
- routines
- scripts
Explanation: The types of commands that PowerShell can execute include the following:
- cmdlets – perform an action and return an output or object to the next command that will be executed
- PowerShell scripts – files with a .ps1 extension that contain PowerShell commands that are executed
- PowerShell functions – pieces of code that can be referenced in a script
5. A user creates a file with .ps1 extension in Windows. What type of file is it?
- PowerShell documentation
- PowerShell cmdlet
- PowerShell script
- PowerShell function
cmdlets – perform an action and return an output or object to the next command that will be executed
PowerShell scripts – files with a .ps1 extension that contain PowerShell commands that are executed
PowerShell functions – pieces of code that can be referenced in a script
6. What are two benefits of using an ext4 partition instead of ext3? (Choose two.)
- an increase in the number of supported devices
- improved performance
- compatibility with NTFS
- increase in the size of supported files
- decreased load time
- compatibility with CDFS
7. Consider the result of the ls -l command in the Linux output below. What are the file permissions assigned to the sales user for the analyst.txt file?
ls -l analyst.txt -rwxrw-r-- sales staff 1028 May 28 15:50 analyst.txt
- read, write, execute
- write only
- read only
- read, write
The dash ( – ) means that this is a file. For directories, the first dash would replaced with a “d”.
The first set of characters is for user permission (rwx).
The user, sales, who owns the file can read, write and execute the file.
The second set of characters is for group permissions (rw-). The group, staff, who owns the file can read and write to the file.
The third set of characters is for any other user or group permissions (r–). Any other user or group on the computer can only read the file.
8. Which Linux command can be used to display the name of the current working directory?
- sudo
- ps
- pwd
- chmod
9. Consider the result of the ls -l command in the Linux output below. What are the file permissions assigned to the sales user for the analyst.txt file?
- write only
- read, write
- read only
- read, write, execute
10. A Linux system boots into the GUI by default, so which application can a network administrator use in order to access the CLI environment?
- system viewer
- file viewer
- package management tool
- terminal emulator
11. What is the well-known port address number used by DNS to serve requests?
- 25
- 53
- 110
- 60
12. Which user can override file permissions on a Linux computer?
- any user that has ‘group’ permission to the file
- only the creator of the file
- any user that has ‘other’ permission to the file
- root user
13. Match the commonly used ports on a Linux server with the corresponding service.
- SMTP: 25
- DNS: 53
- HTTPS: 443
- SSH: 22
- TELNET: 23
14. Match typical Linux log files to the function.
- used by RedHat and CentOS computers and tracks authentication-related events: /var/log/secure
- contains generic computer activity logs, and is used to store informational and noncritical system messages: /var/log/messages
- stores information related to hardware devices and their drivers: /var/log/dmesg
- used by Debian and Ubuntu computers and stores all authentication-related events: /var/log/auth.log
15. Which type of tool allows administrators to observe and understand every detail of a network transaction?
- log manager
- malware analysis tool
- ticketing system
- packet capture software
16. Match the Linux command to the function. (Not all options are used.)
- Displays the name of the current working directory: pwd
- runs a command as another user: sudo
- modifies file permissions: chmod
- shuts down the system: Empty
- lists the processes that are currently running: ps
17. What are two advantages of the NTFS file system compared with FAT32? (Choose two.)
- NTFS is easier to configure.
- NTFS supports larger files.
- NTFS allows faster formatting of drives.
- NTFS allows the automatic detection of bad sectors.
- NTFS allows faster access to external peripherals such as a USB drive.
- NTFS provides more security features.
18. Why is Kali Linux a popular choice in testing the network security of an organization?
- It is a network scanning tool that prioritizes security risks.
- It is an open source Linux security distribution containing many penetration tools.
- It can be used to test weaknesses by using only malicious software.
- It can be used to intercept and log network traffic.
19. Match the octal value to the file permission description in Linux. (Not all options are used.)
- write only ~~> 010
- read and execute ~~> 101
- read and write ~~> 110
- execute only ~~> 001
- write and execute ~~> NOT SCORED
- no access ~~> 000
20. A PC user issues the netstat command without any options. What is displayed as the result of this command?
- a historical list of successful pings that have been sent
- a list of all established active TCP connections
- a network connection and usage report
- a local routing table
21. Which two commands could be used to check if DNS name resolution is working properly on a Windows PC? (Choose two.)
- nslookup cisco.com
- net cisco.com
- ipconfig /flushdns
- nbtstat cisco.com
- ping cisco.com
Explanation: The ping command tests the connection between two hosts. When ping uses a host domain name to test the connection, the resolver on the PC will first perform the name resolution to query the DNS server for the IP address of the host. If the ping command is unable to resolve the domain name to an IP address, an error will result.
Nslookup is a tool for testing and troubleshooting DNS servers.
22. A technician has installed a third party utility that is used to manage a Windows 7 computer. However, the utility does not automatically start whenever the computer is started. What can the technician do to resolve this problem?
- Set the application registry key value to one.
- Use the Add or Remove Programs utility to set program access and defaults.
- Change the startup type for the utility to Automatic in Services .
- Uninstall the program and then choose Add New Programs in the Add or Remove Programs utility to install the application.
23. Which statement describes the function of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol?
- It is used to stream media contents.
- It is used to manage remote PCs.
- It is used to compress files stored on a disk.
- It is used to share network resources.
24. What is the purpose of using the net accounts command in Windows?
- to display information about shared network resources
- to show a list of computers and network devices on the network
- to start a network service
- to review the settings of password and logon requirements for users
net accounts – sets password and logon requirements for users
net start – starts a network service or lists running network services
net use – connects, disconnects, and displays information about shared network resources
net view – shows a list of computers and network devices on the network
When used without options, the net accounts command displays the current settings for password, logon limitations, and domain information.
25. Match the Windows 10 boot sequence after the boot manager (bootmgr.exe) loads.
- Step one: The Windows boot loader Winload.exe loads
- Step two: Ntosknl.exe and hal.dll are loaded
- Step three: Winload.exe reads the registry, chooses a hardware profile, and loads the device drivers.
- Step four: Ntoskrnl.exe takes over the process.
- Step five: Winlogon.exe is loaded and excutes the logon process.
26. A user creates a file with .ps1 extension in Windows. What type of file is it?
- PowerShell function
- PowerShell cmdlet
- PowerShell documentation
- PowerShell script
Explanation: The types of commands that PowerShell can execute include the following:
- cmdlets – perform an action and return an output or object to the next command that will be executed
- PowerShell scripts – files with a .ps1 extension that contain PowerShell commands that are executed
- PowerShell functions – pieces of code that can be referenced in a script
27. A user logs in to Windows with a regular user account and attempts to use an application that requires administrative privileges. What can the user do to successfully use the application?
- Right-click the application and choose Run as Priviledge .
- Right-click the application and choose Run as Superuser .
- Right-click the application and choose Run as Administrator .
- Right-click the application and choose Run as root .
28. An IT technician wants to create a rule on two Windows 10 computers to prevent an installed application from accessing the public Internet. Which tool would the technician use to accomplish this task?
- Local Security Policy
- Computer Management
- Windows Defender Firewall with Advanced Security
- DMZ
29. Match the Windows command to the description.
- renames a file ~~> ren
- creates a new directory ~~> mkdir
- changes the current directory ~~> cd
- lists files in a directory ~~> dir
30. What technology was created to replace the BIOS program on modern personal computer motherboards?
- UEFI
- MBR
- CMOS
- RAM
31. Match the Linux system component with the description. (Not all options are used.)
- CLI : a text based interface that accepts user commands
- shell : a program that interprets and executes user commands
- daemon : a background process that runs without the need for user interaction
- (Empty) : a program that manages CPU and RAM allocation to processes, system calls, and file systems
32. What is the outcome when a Linux administrator enters the man man command?
- The man man command configures the network interface with a manual address
- The man man command opens the most recent log file
- The man man command provides a list of commands available at the current prompt
- The
man mancommand provides documentation about the man command
33. Match the description to the Linux term. (Not all options are used.)
- a type of file that is a reference to another file or directory ~~> symlink
- a running background process that does not need user interaction ~~> daemon
- protecting remote access ~~> hardening
- (Empty) ~~>logging
34. Why is Linux considered to be better protected against malware than other operating systems?
- customizable penetration and protection tools
- fewer deployments
- file system structure, file permissions, and user account restrictions
- integrated firewall
35. Match the commonly used ports on a Linux server with the corresponding service. (Not all options are used.)
36. Match the Windows system tool with the description. (Not all options are used.)
- Registry : a hierarchical database of all system and user information
- Windows Firewall : selectively denies traffic on specified interfaces
- PowerShell : a CLI environment used to run scripts and automate tasks
- Event Viewer : maintains system logs
- (Empty) : provides information on system resources and processes
- (Empty) : provides virus and spyware protection
37. In the Linux shell, which character is used between two commands to instruct the shell to combine and execute these two commands in sequence?
- $
- #
- %
- |
38. Which Windows tool can be used by a cybersecurity administrator to secure stand-alone computers that are not part of an active directory domain?
- PowerShell
- Windows Defender
- Windows Firewall
- Local Security Policy
39. Why would a network administrator choose Linux as an operating system in the Security Operations Center (SOC)?
- It is easier to use than other operating systems.
- More network applications are created for this environment.
- It is more secure than other server operating systems.
- The administrator has more control over the operating system.
Linux is open source.
The command line interface is a very powerful environment.
The user has more control over the operating system.
Linux allows for better network communication control.
40. Which two methods can be used to harden a computing device? (Choose two.)
- Allow default services to remain enabled.
- Allow USB auto-detection.
- Enforce the password history mechanism.
- Update patches on a strict annual basis irrespective of release date.
- Ensure physical security.
Ensure physical security.
Minimize installed packages.
Disable unused services.
Use SSH and disable the root account login over SSH.
Keep the system updated.
Disable USB auto-detection.
Enforce strong passwords.
Force periodic password changes.
Keep users from reusing old passwords.
Review logs regularly.
